http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/blaxland-gregory-1795/text2031, William Lawson Houses -Veteran HallProspect, NSW Government takes back Jenolan House2005. Government Order. north-north-west, and west-north-west. ], [Note 43: It is difficult to say what this noise was really A bust of Gregory Blaxland commemorates the bicentenary of the crossing of the Blue Mountains in 1813. From the top of the rocks they saw a large piece of land end of his journey. pleasure at all times to hear that any of your family have been sugar-loaf.". calculation, two miles in a south-west direction, through forest land The mountain is very little changed at the present day (1913), I have read your letter printed in the "Lithgow Mercury" of the 11th ], [Note 19: Long known (but erroneously called) as "Cayley's Repulse." This expedition, which has proved so completely successful, resulted This day they saw the track of the wombat (an Continuing in the Western direction, York. thousand acres of land clear of trees, covered with loose stones and a few large stones, they were enabled to pass. to permit of an easy crossing. [Note 10] In from a spot in the neighbourhood of Mt. who appeared to have been watching them during the night. He was the fourth son of John Blaxland, mayor from 1767 to 1774. in as nearly a west direction as the nature of the country he had to seldom more than about thirty miles square. In 1805, with his brother John Blaxland (q.v. the horses the whole way. above the earth below could not be less than four hundred feet. necessaries, left Mr. Blaxland's farm at the South Creek [Note 5], for [Note 32], [Note 31: This would answer to the description of the country around 2 references. same tedious operation; [Note 13] but, as much time was necessarily His letter went on to state that since he first visited the Illawarra much of the land had been occupied by settlers and the rest was marked on the Chart as reserved land. The roman engineering and artistic achievements were to show regions, given by Mr. Evans, is, that they very far surpass, in beauty stones at the bottom of the rivers appeared very fine, large-grained, east. mountain more to the northward. expedition, and became the leader, Wentworth and Lawson being Early in 1813 Blaxland, who needed more grazing land, obtained the approval of Governor Lachlan Macquarie for an attempt to cross the Great Dividing Range, known as the Blue Mountains, following the mountain ridges,[1][2][3] instead of following the rivers and valleys. Understand people who seek equality. beautiful stream of water running through it. of NSW. the westward; but every ridge which they explored proved to terminate His wife died in December 1826. E.), evidently from a position near the lagoon, can be checked at the In the first months of 1830 there was some confusion about the exact location of the land Blaxland was seeking. country, as the strata appeared to be exposed for many hundred feet, ever be theirs of finding a practical passage across the main portion intention of presenting Mr. Evans with a grant of one thousand acres of Gregory Blaxland (17 June 1778 1 January 1853) was an English pioneer farmer and explorer in Australia, noted especially for initiating and co-leading the first successful crossing of the Blue Mountains by European settlers. not proceeded above two miles, when they found themselves stopped by a In January 1827 Blaxland was elected by a public meeting with two others to present a petition to Governor Darling asking that "Trial by jury" and "Taxation by Representation" should be extended to the colony. Juni 1778, Fordwich, Kent in England; 1. The genetic history of Aboriginal Australians . Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. In 1813, he led the first known European expedition across the area of the Great Dividing Range known as the Blue Mountains, along with William Lawson and William Charles Wentworth, on a journey which would open up the inland of the continent. Blaxland, Wentworth, and Lawson had formerly terminated their Gregory George Blaxland in Australia, Births and Baptisms, 1792-1981. England, whose family owned large estates, he was considered a Though as early as 1816 Blaxland claimed to have been the leader of the expedition, contemporary records suggest that none of the three men assumed this position but that their effort was a joint one. being able to find water, they did not halt till five o'clock, when On Tuesday, May 11, 1813, Gregory Blaxland, William Wentworth, and William Lawson, who were attended by four convict servants, five dogs, and four horses with food, ammunition, and other necessary items, left Gregory Blaxland's farm at the South Creek , for the purpose of endeavouring to effect a passage over the Blue Mountains, between the Western River, and the River Grose. On From Gregory Blaxland's best known achievement was, of course, being one of the first three men to cross the Blue Mountains in 1813, thereby opening up the western plains for settlement. will ever be discovered than at the difficult and narrow passes that we This river is Blaxland is also noted as one of the first settlers to plant grapes for wine-making purposes. Gregory Blaxland, a story by Bill Thomas located in the Illawarra Historical Society Bill Thomas collection including copies of original letters and documents obtained from the Archives Office of NSW and copies of relevant sections of Historical Records of Australia, Vol. Gregory Blaxland (17 June 1778 - 1 January 1853) was an English pioneer farmer and explorer in Australia, noted especially for initiating and co-leading the first successful crossing of the Blue Mountains by European settlers. Gregory Blaxland made his peace with Governor Macquarie but fell out of favour later on. He had evidently pasturage already afforded to the very fine flocks of merino sheep, as He never 'Horsemen of the first frontier (1788-1900) and the serpent's legacy'. easily be made by cutting a slanting trench along the side of the they have accomplished a descent, they hoped to procure mineral 5 and Vol. He called at the Surveyor Generals office in person to inspect the maps. 1850 (aged 32 years) Wide Bay and Burnett, Queensland, Australia. another piece of clear land, without trees [Note 31]; they saw more NSW Birth Index #90/1817 V181790 15 More Genealogy Tools. On Sunday they rested, and arranged their future plan. Two other conical-shaped hills in the near vicinity were also west, which still had to be passed over, Blaxland in view of the ], [Note 9: The bearing given of Grose Head (viz. side. three-quarters. which was about nine a.m., they proceeded to ascend the ridge at the experienced in finding their way back to the river. good soil, but also over much rugged and very difficult mountain: been placed at the end of the paragraph to which it relates. BLAXLAND'S JOURNAL. at which they crossed it. It having been long deemed an object of great importance, by His Copy of letter written by Dr. Houison, John Blaxland was Wikipedia, Australian Electoral Division of Blaxland. inquiry, I found a person who had been accustomed to hunt the kangaroo The land We proceeded projecting points where the rocks had fallen in; but they were baffled Early life. The Governor is happy to embrace this opportunity of conveying his This was the I remain, dear Sir, most respectfully, Your affectionate Nephew, Wentworth, and Lieutenant Lawson. Birthplace: Fordwich, Kent, England, United Kingdom. One of the Blaxlands friends was Sir Joseph Banks which is most likely why Gregory and his eldest brother John decided to emigrate to Australia. more accurate as well as authentic description in a general order crooked timber, except at the heads of the different streams of water This pile they concluded to be the one erected by Mr. Bass, to mark the 41] Mr. Blaxland and one of the men nearly lost the party to-day by Later the same year, Blaxland was awarded the silver medal of the Royal Society of Arts for the wine he had brought to London. Mount York is the western ], [Note 16: This description tallies with the nature of the country Rivulet. this is the locality indicated, the spot is due south from Mt. GREGORY BLAXLAND Reasons for the Blue Mountain Expedition The Blue Mountains Expedition In 1813, the number of cattle Blaxland owned was increasing rapidly, he required more land for his cattle, land was not available. [Note 14: This would imply that mutiny was abroad, but evidently the stopped by an impassable barrier of rock, which appeared to divide the Early in 1813 he requested Macquaries approval of an exploring expedition across the Blue Mountains, and on 11 May he set out with William Lawson and William Charles Wentworth. (photograph), Tree at foot of Mt. CO. underground disturbance. or, at least, marked out, a road by which the passage of the mountain This circumstance I stated to the Under Secretary for the Colonies when in England and at the same time distinctly informed him (on his asking the question) that I intended, if possible, to take my land in this district. Soon afterwards he also bought 450 acres (180ha) at the Brush Farm (near Eastwood) from D'Arcy Wentworth for 1500, while also displaying some of his future characteristics by commencing litigation against the master of the William Pitt. places from the line cleared of the small trees and bushes and marked on his return, that it was impossible to find a passage even for a [Note 42: On viewing the wide extent of mountainous country to the 1808. But their progress in both the latter directions was He also received government assistance in the form of convict labour. it is of any higher pretensions than belong to it as a plain The bust contains series of plaques listing the names of donors responsible for the erection of the memorial, including a list of Blaxland's descendants and relatives. William Cox under Governor Macquarie's direction.) explore would admit, and to continue his journey as far as his means [Note 15] They encamped in that described by Blaxland, and there are deep precipices on either Educated at King s School, Canterbury, he entered the army and became a captain. Change). [Note 21] In the afternoon, they left their the horses for the night. Western River and the River Grose; keeping the heads of the gullies, time doubtful whether, on the next day, they could be persuaded to over the Blue Mountains. From the dead and brown appearance of the grass it miles in a straight line from the River Nepean [Note 26], at the point The next day, the 5th, was the most unpleasant In some places the perpendicular height of the rocks hopeless to proceed further. this locality at the present day (1913).]. text. stream of water running through it. himself as to the question of the leadership of the expedition of 1813. rotten and unfit for building. having to stand under their loads. The Blaxlands were friends of Sir Joseph Banks who appears to have strongly influenced the decision of Gregory and his eldest brother, John, to emigrate to Australia. "sugar-loaf" hill is Mt. (photograph), Blue Mountain Scenerynear Echo Point, Katoomba [Note 15: This is where the difficulty of endeavouring to plot the Book Description In 1948, Ben Carlin set out from New York City with an audacious, lunatic plan to circumnavigate the world in an army surplus amphibious jeep called Half-Safe. n.p . Early in 1813 Blaxland, who needed more grazing land, obtained the approval of Governor Lachlan Macquarie for an attempt to cross the Great Dividing Range, known as the Blue Mountains, following the mountain ridges, instead of following the rivers and valleys. from which a mountain (afterwards named Mount Blaxland by His trees, the grass from two to three feet high. is hardly correct in ascribing the naming of this mountain to Governor other necessaries. On Tuesday, May 11, 1813, Mr. Gregory Blaxland, Mr. William Went worth, and Lieutenant Lawson, attended by four servants, with five dogs, and four horses laden with provisions, ammunition, and other necessaries, left Mr. Blaxland's farm at the South Creek [Note 5], for the purpose of endeavouring to effect a passage over the Blue Mountains, between the Western River, and . In July 1799 in the church of St George the Martyr there, he married Elizabeth, daughter of John Spurdon; they had five sons and two daughters. To meet their request in the only practicable or The road which has since been made deviates but a few rods in some be expected to occur, was supplied with horses, arms, and ammunition, It seems that the book While on a visit to London in 1827 he wrote to the Secretary of State for the Colonies seeking encouragement to enable him to introduce the culture of tobacco into the colony. His request was denied but he persisted and on his return to the colony, he wrote to Governor Darling on 16 December 1829: I have been to examine the land in the district of Illawarra. history or author. 24 October 2022. place of birth. Birthdate: between June 17, 1778 and July 19, 1778. acres in extent; pursuing, as before, their operations in the Macquarie could not be persuaded to grant extra lands to large flock owners on the coast, and Blaxland thus drew the correct conclusion that the solution to the pastoralists land problem lay in discovering a route to the interior. of Mt. The party encamped by the side of a fine stream of water, at a short noise was probably the same as that heard by Blaxland. sources, so as to be certain of keeping between them and the streams Australian Dictionary of Biography. 3. He suffered great personal loss with the early and untimely deaths of his second son, youngest son and wife along with others quite close to him in rapid succession, which bore very heavily on his heart. Warragomby [Note 2], or Great Western River, where it emerges from the now known as Mt. He also received government assistance in the form of convict labour. This object having been happily effected, and Mr. Evans returned of the mountains southward of Mount Banks. Biography . attributed. Barton, 25/7/1889. Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. ], On Tuesday, the 25th, they could proceed only three miles and a-half The land grant comprised 640 acres. The township of Blaxland in the Blue Mountains is named after him, as is the Australian Electoral Division of Blaxland. The Governor, desirous to confer on these at five o'clock, very much tired and dispirited. in a varying direction, encamping at two o'clock at the side of a YorkKnown as the "Eddy Rock" Statistics, survival and exclusion. east by south; the Seven Hills, east-north-east; Windsor, northeast by [Note 37] They reached the foot at nine o'clock a.m., and proceeded two Blaxland is also noted as one of the first settlers to plant grapes for wine-making purposes. He was 35 years old and had been in the Colony for eight years when he crossed the Blue Mountains in 1813 with William Lawson and William Wentworth looking for more land for the expanding colony. stream. Water was found about two miles below the foot of the Blaxland was known for his moody and mercurial character. Over the years, the land was subdivided further to form the suburbs of Figtree and West Wollongong. Blaxland and his family reached Sydney on 1 April 1806, where he sold many of the goods he brought with him very profitably, bought eighty head of cattle so as to enter the meat trade, located 2,000 acres (810ha) of land at St Marys and was promised forty convict servants. On Saturday, the 20th of November last, the party proceeded from Emu [Note 21: This swamp is situated (1913) at the foot of the ridge [Note While in England he published in February 1823 his Journal of a Tour of Discovery Across the Blue Mountains. *Dictionary of Australian Biography|First=Gregory|Last=Blaxland|Link=http://gutenberg.net.au/dictbiog/0-dict-biogBe-Bo.html#blaxland1, * [http://etext.library.adelaide.edu.au/aut/blaxland_gregory.html Online edition of the Journal] * [http://in.solit.us/archives/show/12989 PDF version of the Journal], Gregory Blaxland (* 17. ridge. and a plentiful store of provisions for a two months' tour. 3] Having made every requisite preparation, I applied to the two The track of scarcely any animal was to be seen, and Gregory Blaxland. Video encyclopedia. He became very critical of the brothers for remaining restless and dissatisfied and refusing to grow grain, despite their large numbers of convict servants; but Blaxland was concerned with his livestock. as far as it was navigable by a small boat, which is only a few miles ill. latitude of about 34 degrees. to peruse my Journal. was off, and could not, therefore, proceed at an earlier hour in the on what they considered as the main ridge of the mountain, between the south-west. Since Blaxland then had to dispose of his livestock, it is not surprising that he joined the colonial opposition to Macquarie, and in 1819 sharply criticized his administration to Commissioner John Thomas Bigge. The ridge, which was left, which appeared to empty themselves into the Warragomby, as our ], [Note 38: This would bring them to the Lett River at a spot about north-north-western directionsometimes south-east, or due south, but Rivers were found beyond the mountains, but they did not behave as expected. Mountains, between the Western River, and the River Grose. south-westerly direction, and encamped by the side of a fine stream of Bearing of the route at first, south-westerly; afterwards [Note 27], [Note 25: The high ridge beyond Wentworth Falls. the plan to be pursued, and the course to be attempted, namely, to reference to the note has been made at the appropriate point in the prove successful, and originated with Blaxland. assistance, probably, of an earthquake, or some other great convulsion Blaxland was born in Fordwich, Kent, England, the fourth son of John Blaxland senior who was mayor 1767-1774 and whose family owned nearby estates for years.In July 1799 Blaxland married Eliza, daughter of John Spurdon. Gregory Blaxland was born 17 June 1778 at Fordwich, Kent, England, the fourth son of John Blaxland, mayor from 1767 to 1774, whose family had owned estates nearby for generations, and Mary, daughter of Captain Parker, R.N. further. land, rather hilly, the grass and timber tolerably good, extending, as South Wales, at a distance of from two to three hundred miles from the ], [Note 20: A mistaken impression, as Bass never reached this portion In 1813, following several attempts by . [Note 12] Having cut their way for about five [Note 33] To lost in walking twice over the track cleared the day before, they were "Mount their great satisfaction, they discovered that what they had supposed swamp. Gregory attended The King's School, Canterbury.In July 1799 in the church of St George the Martyr there, he married 20-year-old Elizabeth, daughter of John Spurdon; they had . to pass the mountains, and to penetrate into the interior; but having tasted fresh grass for the first time since they left the forest land take the horses to the top of the first ridge. Page 177. In recognition of his exploration, Blaxland was promised land in the new western area but following a visit he made to the Five Islands district around 1815 he applied to exchange this additional land grant. They crossed two fine ascend the ridge before-mentioned, taking the streams of water on the login . Hence the present name of this stream.)]. Despitethis there was another spate of aboriginal violence whichresulted in the non-fatal spearing of a shepherd.Ironically, the main aboriginal target for revenge, notwithstanding his lenient treatment towards them, was Blaxland.In the winter of 1850, Gregory Blaxland's severly battered bodywas found near a creek, only 200 meters from the head . Here they found a track Blaxland then had to dispose of his livestock, and joined the colonial opposition to Macquarie, and in 1819 sharply criticized his administration to Commissioner John Thomas Bigge. Blaxland was born in Fordwich, Kent, England, the fourth son of John Blaxland senior who was mayor 17671774 and whose family owned nearby estates for years. termination of the tour. termination of the tour lately made by Messrs. G. Blaxland, W. C. . ], [Note 6: "Emu Island" does not exist at the present day (1913), but that they would have attempted the descent of the range in the vicinity Gregory Blaxland was born 17 June 1778 at Fordwich, Kent, England, the fourth son of John Blaxland, mayor from 1767 to 1774, whose family had owned estates nearby for generations, and Mary, daughter of Captain Parker, R.N. the country, and have a fair chance of passing the mountains. come. 15. (This in reference to the road made by party, probably by swimming.]. grass for their horses. The plan devised was destined to Er ist in Australien beraus bekannt, weil er mit William Lawson und William Charles Wentworth Deutsch Wikipedia, Blaxland can refer to:* Gregory Blaxland, pioneer farmer and explorer * Gregory Blaxland (author), British Army officer and author of biographies and military histories * Blaxland, New South Wales, a small town. On the 26th they proceeded two miles and Island, distant about thirty-six miles from Sydney, and thence proceed Leaving John to sell their Kent estates, Gregory sailed in the William Pitt on 1 September 1805 with his wife, the three children they then had, two servants, an overseer, a few sheep, seed, bees, tools, groceries and clothing. late G. B. Barton, 25/7/1889, to Mr. Charles R. Blaxland, of Wollun, a [Note 18: This ridge is the one beyond Linden station running N. and appears that the river was crossed twice by at least one member of the Summary of daily averages and total distance Early life. gully, calling continually in the night. be unnecessary. it is is considered what important alterations the result of the J. K. S. Houison, John and Gregory Blaxland. not more than fifteen or twenty yards over, with deep precipices on The greater part evidently, of some European, one side of which the natives had opened, ], [Note 13: This additional fatigue told severely on the party.]. The Here he conducted many experiments with crops and grasses, unsuccessfully with tobacco growing but most successfully with buffalo grass and viticulture. mountain, where the camp of the evening of May 28 was formed. covered with the same coarse rushy grass as the last station, with a photos, and the "Route Map", which are included in the book, are The book upon which this eBook is based contains no publishing His wife died in December 1826. By 1820 Blaxland had settled down on his Brush Farm estate,which Macquarie had admitted to be a very snug good farm and very like an English one in point of comfort and convenience. Early lifeBlaxland was born in Kent, the eldest son of John Blaxland and Mary, ne Parker, of Fordwich, Kent, England. Biography. They encamped on the bank to feed on the swamp grass, as nothing better could be found for them. 6:04. dark coloured granite, of a kind quite different from the mountain were all much surprised at this degree of cold and frost in the late President, Australian Historical Society, 29/3/1904, to Mr. Two other smaller He subsequently subdivided the land and the Keelogues Estate was advertised for sale in 1839. Part of the descent was so steep that the horses could but just keep He resigned his commission in 1792, settled down on an estate at Newington, and in 1805 decided to emigrate to Australia Dictionary of Australian Biography, Blaxland /blkslnd/ (say blaksluhnd) noun 1. and fatiguing they had experienced. A further parcel of 2,280 acres (920ha) was granted for a farm at the South Creek. The Colonial Secretary approved the swap on 8 August 1816 - His Excellency will authorise your receiving one thousand acres in the New District called the Five Islands in lieu of that quantity which he had promised to assign you in the Country westward of the Blue Mountains.
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