The area of each rectangle is proportional to the difference between observed and expected frequencies, where the dotted lines refer to expected frequencies. Editors need to identify, invite and get (often two or more) reviewers to agree to review. We however included transfers in all other analyses because we considered the analysed items as combinations of three attributes: paper, corresponding author, and journal to which the paper was submitted. First, we calculated the acceptance rate by gender, regardless of review type (Table12). 2022.6.13 Editor Decision Started. Updates appear on the public peer review timeline as the manuscript progresses through peer review* (*Not available on Nature-branded journals.). Submission to Accept: the median time (in days) from the published submission date to the final editorial acceptance date. Once your articleis accepted for publication, you can track its status with the track your accepted article tool. In Review. Are there differences related to gender or institution within the same review model? In the following analysis, we will refer to the data for groups 1, 2, and 3 as the Institution Dataset. The author can request that the deadline be extended by writing to the editor in advance. Corresponding author defined. Share your preprint and track your manuscript's review progress with our In Review service. 4;N>0TjAWSI#|9aJs]PZYp M#M%,f-);k'\C/*('O2 X(^tL4[msd\5n9cIh(?J0yVg5[5(z,|j}(mLR:V#P/lAD~"jhQT H+}0Z3Nj>!76{7#FMxgiqyym qo=CFf.oA:+ 6hlXT?:SNMZ/|)wj 44X7^tkp+:LL4 Most journals assign a manuscript number upon initial submission and send an automated notice to advise you of the number (if not now, the manuscript number will be assigned when the first editor is assigned). Some editors keep a paper for long time, more than 6 months or a year, without a decision and when send them a reminder message they do not reply or sometimes reply for the first time saying that . https://doi.org/10.1186/s41073-018-0049-z, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s41073-018-0049-z. Trends Ecol Evol. However, we did not find a combination of predictors that led to a model with a good fit to the data. One possible explanation for the lack of fit is that more or other predictors would be needed in order to fully explain the response, for example, a measure of quality, as we have already indicated. Add a footnote to the article displaying the electronic link to the correction notice. We tested the null hypothesis that the populations (institution groups 1, 2, and 3) have the same proportion of accepted manuscripts for SBPR manuscripts with a test for equality of proportions (proportion of accepted manuscripts 0.49 for group 1, 0.44 for group 2, and 0.41 for group 3). For other authors characteristics, such as institutional prestige, a quality factor is more likely than for gender: it is not unthinkable to assume that on average manuscripts from more prestigious institutions, which tend to have more resources, are of a higher quality than those from institutions with lower prestige and fewer means. Type of Peer Review BBRC is a rapid communications journal. MOYcs@9Y/b6olCfEa22>*OnAhFfu J 1m,&A mc2ya5a'3jyoJx6Fr?pW6'%c?,J;Gu"BB`Uc!``!,>. wuI-\Z&fy R-7. There is a small but significant association between institution group and acceptance (Pearsons chi-square test results: 2=49.651, df=3, p value <0.001, Cramers V=0.049). Article Which proportions of papers are accepted for publication under SBPR and DBPR? The corresponding author does not need to be the first author . 00ple`a`0000r9%_bxbZqsaa`LL@` N endstream endobj 53 0 obj 142 endobj 11 0 obj << /Type /Page /Parent 6 0 R /Resources 12 0 R /Contents [ 24 0 R 28 0 R 30 0 R 32 0 R 34 0 R 36 0 R 38 0 R 40 0 R ] /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /CropBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Rotate 0 >> endobj 12 0 obj << /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text /ImageC /ImageI ] /Font << /TT2 18 0 R /TT4 16 0 R /TT6 14 0 R /TT8 15 0 R /TT9 25 0 R >> /XObject << /Im1 51 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 44 0 R >> /ColorSpace << /Cs6 22 0 R /Cs8 21 0 R >> >> endobj 13 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 905 /CapHeight 0 /Descent -211 /Flags 96 /FontBBox [ -517 -325 1082 998 ] /FontName /JEGBJH+Arial,Italic /ItalicAngle -15 /StemV 0 /FontFile2 45 0 R >> endobj 14 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 117 /Widths [ 278 0 0 0 0 0 0 191 0 0 0 0 0 0 278 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 722 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 556 0 0 0 556 0 0 0 0 0 0 222 0 0 0 0 0 333 0 278 556 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /JEGBJH+Arial,Italic /FontDescriptor 13 0 R >> endobj 15 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 121 /Widths [ 278 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 278 333 278 0 0 556 556 556 556 556 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 722 722 722 722 667 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 833 0 0 667 0 0 667 611 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 556 611 556 611 556 333 611 611 278 0 0 278 889 611 611 611 0 389 556 333 611 0 0 0 556 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /JEGBLI+Arial,Bold /FontDescriptor 20 0 R >> endobj 16 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 122 /Widths [ 278 0 0 0 0 0 667 191 333 333 0 0 278 333 278 278 556 556 556 556 0 556 556 556 0 556 278 278 0 0 0 0 0 667 667 722 722 667 611 778 0 278 500 0 556 833 722 0 667 0 722 667 611 0 0 944 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 556 556 500 556 556 278 556 556 222 222 500 222 833 556 556 556 556 333 500 278 556 500 722 500 500 500 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /JEGBJF+Arial /FontDescriptor 19 0 R >> endobj 17 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 891 /CapHeight 0 /Descent -216 /Flags 34 /FontBBox [ -568 -307 2000 1007 ] /FontName /JEGBIE+TimesNewRoman /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 0 /FontFile2 43 0 R >> endobj 18 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 32 /Widths [ 250 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /JEGBIE+TimesNewRoman /FontDescriptor 17 0 R >> endobj 19 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 905 /CapHeight 718 /Descent -211 /Flags 32 /FontBBox [ -665 -325 2000 1006 ] /FontName /JEGBJF+Arial /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 94 /XHeight 515 /FontFile2 42 0 R >> endobj 20 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 905 /CapHeight 718 /Descent -211 /Flags 32 /FontBBox [ -628 -376 2000 1010 ] /FontName /JEGBLI+Arial,Bold /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 133 /FontFile2 50 0 R >> endobj 21 0 obj [ /Indexed 22 0 R 255 41 0 R ] endobj 22 0 obj [ /ICCBased 49 0 R ] endobj 23 0 obj 1151 endobj 24 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 23 0 R >> stream 8. nature1. You will receive more information via email from the production team regarding the publication process. An e-mail will be sent to the corresponding author confirming receipt of the manuscript together with a 'Journal Publishing Agreement' form or a link to the online version of this agreement. From inspection of Table8, it would seem that SBPR manuscripts by female corresponding authors are more likely to be rejected at the first editorial decision stage than those by male corresponding authors and that DBPR manuscripts by male corresponding authors are less likely to be sent to review than those by female corresponding authors. We believe that Impact Factor is just one of a number of metrics that can be used to evaluate a journal, and a small number of highly cited papers can have a disproportionate effect on the mean number of citations per paper. HUM6WEX:hQR{pe"3>g7`,. We did not observe any difference by author gender. If authors choose DBPR, their details (names and affiliations) are removed from the manuscript files, and it is the authors responsibility to ensure their own anonymity throughout the text and beyond (e.g. Next, we focussed on a potential institutional bias and looked at the relationship between OTR rate and institutional prestige as measured by the groups defined based on THE ranking explained above (excluding the fourth group, for which no THE ranking was available), regardless of review type (Table9). The aims of this study are to analyse the demographics of corresponding authors choosing double-blind peer review and to identify differences in the editorial outcome of manuscripts depending on their review model. IP-address: 40.77.167.199. Sodexo Disney Springs, In future works, we will consider studying the post-decision outcome also in relation to the gender of reviewers and defining a quality metric for manuscripts in order to isolate the effect of bias. 2016;1(2):1637. An analysis of the journal Behavioral Ecology, which switched to DBPR in 2001, found a significant interaction between gender and time, reflecting the higher number of female authors after 2001, but no significant interaction between gender and review type [11]. SHGtI0PyM&G?m$Y[g!B This decision is the sole responsibility of the . Decide and Notify authors of decisions made on articles. authors opting for DBPR should not post on preprint archives). In this study, we sought to understand the demographics of authors choosing DBPR in Nature-branded journals and to identify any differences in success outcomes for manuscripts undergoing different review models depending on the gender and the affiliation of the corresponding author. A study of the distribution of gender among reviewers and editors of the Frontiers journals showed an underrepresentation of women in the process, as well as a same-gender preference (homophily) [10]. The journal Immediacy Index indicates how quickly articles in a journal are cited. For this analysis, we used a subset of the 106,373 manuscripts consisting of 58,920 records with non-empty normalised institutions for which a THE rank was available (the Institution Dataset, excluding transfers) (Table4). The WeWork Decision. Time: 2023-03-04T15:53:14+00:00. Any pending input will be lost. The Editor has made a decision and requested you revise the submission. 7u?p#T3;JUQJBw|u 2v{}ru76SRA? We first analysed the demographics of corresponding authors that choose DBPR by journal group, gender, country, and institution group. Don't wait too long. Our commitment to early sharing andtransparency in peer review inspires us to think about how to help our authors in new ways. The results of a Pearsons chi-square test of independence are as follows: 2=378.17, degrees of freedom=2, p value <0.001; Cramers V=0.054 and show that authors submitting to more prestigious journals tend to have a slight preference for DBPR compared to SBPR. A Pearsons chi-square test found a significant, but small association between institution group and review type (2=656.95, df=2, p value <0.001, Cramers V=0.106). The status of the manuscript says 'Reviewers Assigned' for about 24 days. Did you find it helpful? You can see an example in the article above. In our case, this analysis was hampered by the lack of an independent measure of quality, by potential confounders such as potential editor bias towards the review model or author characteristics, and by the lack of controlled experiments in which the same paper is reviewed under both SBPR and DBPR, or in which DBPR is compulsory, thus eliminating the effect of bias towards the review model. decisions for these programmes are taken by panels of independent experts and Nature Research editors play no role in decision making . Nature 2015;518(7539):274. doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/518274b. Online First - Article available online 6. our vision is for all Springer Nature authors and reviewers to have an ORCID iD, and we are confident we will get there, slowly but surely. The area under the receiving operating characteristic (ROC) curve is as low as 0.33, indicating that other explanatory variables should be included. If you have no email from the journal and have already checked the spam folder of your mailbox, you may check if the submission . Hope everybody's doing well. We calculated that, at this rate, it would take us several decades to collect sufficient data that would result in statistically significant results, so another strategy is required, e.g. Among the studies dealing with institutional bias, an analysis of abstracts submitted to the American Heart Associations annual Scientific Sessions research meeting from 2000 to 2004 found some evidence of bias favouring authors from English-speaking countries and prestigious institutions [14]. Research Square converts the manuscript to HTML, assigns a DOI, and posts on the platform with a CC-BY license. In general, authors from countries with a more recent history of academic excellence are more likely to choose DBPR. This is public, and permanent. we could have chosen a different distribution of institutions among the four categories, and will likely have an impact on the uptake of DBPR across the institutional prestige spectrum. Your new or revised submission has been sent back by the Editorial Team for changes prior to review. Papers. 0000001245 00000 n Note that once completed reviews for your submitted article have been received and are under evaluation by the handling Editor the status may later return to 'Under Review' if additional reviews are sought. Goldin C, Rouse C. Orchestrating impartiality: the impact of blind auditions on female musicians. . 15 days You can make one of the following decisions: Accept, Revise or Reject. J Lang Evol. Help Us Celebrate Legal Talent. We inspected the gender assigned via the Gender API, which assigns an accuracy score between 0 and 100 to each record. Nature . Help us improve this article with your feedback. 0000002625 00000 n how to pronounce dandelion witcher. 0000003952 00000 n All coauthors must agree to post a preprint and participate inIn Review. DBPR was introduced in the Nature journals in response to the author communitys wish for a bias-free peer review process. Next steps for publishing your article: What to expect after acceptance, Timescale to publish an article for a Springer journal, Page numbers in a Continuous Article Publishing (CAP) Journal. Data from Web of Science was used; more information regarding the details of article categories and approach taken to derive the median citation can be found here. Journal-integrated preprint sharing from Springer Nature and Research Square. As such, the decision to publish an article rests entirely with the handling Editor. :t]1:oFeU2U-:T7OQoh[%;ca wX~2exXOI[u:?=pXB0X'ixsv!5}eY//(4sx}&pYoIk=mK ZE After peer review, a decision of accept, reject, or revision is made on the basis of the reviewers comments and the judgment of the editor. Nature Communications: n/a: n/a: 6.0 days: n/a: n/a: n/a: Rejected (im.) Mayo Clin Proc. Uptake and outcome of manuscripts in Nature journals by review model and author characteristics, https://doi.org/10.1186/s41073-018-0049-z, https://www.nature.com/nature/for-authors/initial-submission, https://doi.org/10.1097/PRS.0000000000001820, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6924.2009.01102.x, https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/. Barbara McGillivray. Brief definitions for each of the metrics used to measure the influence of our journals are included below the journal metrics. Authors will need to create an account (i.e., password) before logging in to see the dashboard. Please let me know of your decision at your earliest . However, when they communicated their decision to the Editor-in-Chief (EiC), who makes the final decision, it was decided to reconsider your manuscript. Once a paper is submitted, the journal editors proceed with their assessment of the work and decide whether each manuscript is sent out for review (OTR) to external reviewers. 'Submission Transfers Waiting for Author's Approval'. Scand J Econ. 0000007420 00000 n On submission, authors should choose one or two referral journals, in the order of preference, or "no referral." 0000005727 00000 n These reviewers then need sufficient time to conduct a thorough review on your manuscript. One reviewer admitted the specific field wasn't in his/hers expertise. On the other hand, an analysis of the Evolution of Language (EvoLang 11) conference papers found that female authors received higher rankings under DBPR [13]. Internet Explorer). Double anonymity and the peer review process. Once all author information has been resolved and extraneous or incorrect information removed, the system will guide you to the Manuscript Information tab. Double-blind peer review has been proposed as a possible solution to avoid implicit referee bias in academic publishing. I am not a robot. We found a significant result (2=37.76, df=2, p value <0.001). This first-of-its-kindoption, called In Review, brought to you by our partners at Research Square, makes it easy to share a preprint of your manuscript on the Research Square platform andgives you real time updates onyour manuscripts progress through peer review. If an author believes the decision regarding their manuscript was affected by a publication ethics breach, . Another possibility is that the predictors are correlated, thus preventing a good fit. In your 'Author Main Menu' manuscripts appear in different folders as they pass through phases in the editorial process: The submission is waiting for you to complete the submission (or revision) process. My father emptied the thing at an unknown date ruining my spontaneous project, but at least I was able to recover the skull, jaw, spine & ribs. Click here to download our quick reference guide to journal metrics. 2000;90(4):71541. 0000014828 00000 n A PDF has been built, either by you or by the editor, that requires your approval to move forward. In the processing step, we excluded 5011 (3.8%) records which had an empty value in the column recording the review type due to technical issues in the submissions system for Nature Communications. We investigated any potential differences in uptake depending on the journal tier. Thank you for your feedback, it will help us serve you better. As a consequence, we are unable to distinguish bias towards author characteristics or the review model from any quality effect, and thus, we cannot draw definitive conclusions on the efficacy of DBPR in addressing bias. Results on the uptake are shown in Table5. Papers. You have completed the submission and approval steps, and the article has been submitted to the journal. We excluded data where the gender was not assigned to either male or female. In order to test whether the proportions in different groups were the same, we used the test of equal proportions in R (command prop.test). 9. This can be due to quality or referee bias. 430,805 Altmetric mentions (2021), The Journal Impact Factor is defined as all citations to the journal in the current JCR year to items published in the previous two years, divided by the total number of scholarly items (these comprise articles, reviews, and proceedings papers) published in the journal in the previous two years. 2023 BioMed Central Ltd unless otherwise stated. (But be sure all your coauthors agree to opt-in, too.) Am Econ Rev. EDR is employed by Macmillan Publishers Ltd, which publishes the Nature-branded journals. In order to test whether two variables were independent, we used Pearsons chi-square test of independence and referred to the classification in [21] to define the strength of association. The Editor has recommended the submission be transferred to another journal, and your response is needed. The author needs to submit the revised manuscript along with a point-by-point response to the reviewer comments. Research Integrity and Peer Review Blank RM. To post social content, you must have a display name. We also found that manuscripts from female authors or authors from less prestigious institutions are accepted with a lower rate than those from male authors or more prestigious institutions, respectively. Webb TJ, OHara B, Freckleton RP. 0000004174 00000 n volume3, Articlenumber:5 (2018) Modified on: Thu, 30 Jul, 2020 at 4:54 PM. . How Many Seats Are Premium Economy On Emirates A380?, How do I find and access my journal's submission system. A useful set of articles providing general advice about writing and submitting scientific papers can Manuscript # . Third review was never returned so decision was at least partly based on two reviews from the same discipline. Res Integr Peer Rev 3, 5 (2018). If you choose to opt in, your article will undergo some basic quality controlchecks before being sent to theIn Reviewplatform. This choice of categories is arbitrary, e.g. We only retained a normalised institution name and country when the query to the GRID API returned a result with a high confidence, and the flag manual review was set to false, meaning that no manual review was needed. Submission to first editorial decision - 8, Submission to first post-review decision - 46. 0000039536 00000 n Similar results were reported for the journal Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery [5]. We divided the journals in three tiers: (i) the flagship interdisciplinary journal (Nature), (ii) the discipline-specific sister journals (Nature Astronomy, Nature Biomedical Engineering, Nature Biotechnology, Nature Cell Biology, Nature Chemical Biology, Nature Chemistry, Nature Climate Change, Nature Ecology & Evolution, Nature Energy, Nature Genetics, Nature Geoscience, Nature Human Behaviour, Nature Immunology, Nature Materials, Nature Medicine, Nature Methods, Nature Microbiology, Nature Nanotechnology, Nature Neuroscience, Nature Photonics, Nature Physics, Nature Plants, Nature Structural & Molecular Biology), and (iii) the open-access interdisciplinary title (Nature Communications). Am J Roentgenol. . Double-blind peer review (DBPR) has been proposed as a means to avoid implicit bias from peer reviewers against characteristics of authors such as gender, country of origin, or institution. If an author wishes to appeal against Nature 's decision, the appeal must be made in writing, not by telephone, and should be confined to the scientific case for publication. In a systematic review and meta-analysis of biomedical journals investigating the interventions aimed at improving the quality of peer review in these publications, the authors reported that DBPR did not affect the quality of the peer review report or rejection rate [4]. Google Scholar. Editorial contacts can be found by clicking on the "Help & support" button under the "For Authors" section of the journal's homepage as listed on SpringerLink. When comparing acceptance rates by gender and regardless of review model, we observed that female authors are significantly less likely to be accepted than their male counterparts. Data includes 128,454 manuscripts received between March 2015 and February 2017 by 25 Nature-branded journals. &@ 5A9BC|2 @So0 Because the median is not subject to the distortions from outliers, we have developed and provided the 2-year Median, derived from Web of Science data and defined as the median number of citations received in 2021for articles published in 2019and 2020. Please note that this definition is different from that of the corresponding author(s) as stated on published articles and who are the author(s) responsible for correspondence with readers. Moreover, DBPR manuscripts are less likely to be successful than SBPR manuscripts at both the decision stages considered (Tables5 and 10), but because of the above limitations, our analysis could not disentangle the effects of these factors: bias (from editors and reviewers) towards various author characteristics, bias (from editors and reviewers) towards the review model, and quality of the manuscripts. This reply will be sent to the author of the Correspondence before publication. Needs Approval or Revision Needs Approval. Privacy 0000004388 00000 n Are you sure you do not want to provide feedback? The result was a p value below 0.05, which shows that removing any of the predictors would harm the fit of the best model. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. There, it will become a permanent part of the scholarly recordthat means that your manuscript will permanently remain publicly available, regardless of whether the journal you submitted it to accepts it or not. national association of state directors of developmental disabilities service, how many years did juan carlos serve as king. Please try your request again later. Why did this happen? nature~. [No author listed] Nature journals offer double-blind review. The data that support the findings of this study are available from Springer Nature but restrictions apply to the availability of these data, which were used under license for the current study, and so are not publicly available.
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